Reverse shoulder orthopaedic implant having an elliptical glenosphere component

ABSTRACT

A reverse shoulder orthopaedic implant includes a glenosphere component having a lateral bearing surface configured to articulate with a humeral cup of a humeral prosthesis. A metaglene component includes a platform configured to receive glenosphere component.

This application is a continuation application of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 14/560,654, now U.S. Pat. No. 10,265,184, which wasfiled on Dec. 4, 2014 and which is a divisional application of U.S.patent application Ser. No. 13/431,416, which was filed on Mar. 27,2012, each of which is expressly incorporated herein by reference.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED U.S. PATENT APPLICATION

Cross reference is made to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/431,406,now U.S. Pat. No. 8,945,229, entitled “REVERSE SHOULDER ORTHOPAEDICIMPLANT HAVING A METAGLENE COMPONENT WITH A SCREW LOCKING CAP” by KyleLappin, which is assigned to the same assignee as the present invention.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates generally to orthopaedic implants, andmore particularly to reverse shoulder orthopaedic implants.

BACKGROUND

During the lifetime of a patient, it may be necessary to perform a totalshoulder replacement procedure on the patient as a result of, forexample, disease or trauma. In a total shoulder replacement procedure, ahumeral prosthesis is used to replace the natural head of the patient'shumerus. The humeral prosthesis typically includes an elongated stemcomponent that is implanted into the intramedullary canal of thepatient's humerus and a hemispherically-shaped prosthetic head componentthat is secured to the stem component. In such a total shoulderreplacement procedure, the natural glenoid surface of the scapula isresurfaced or otherwise replaced with a glenoid component that providesa bearing surface upon which the prosthetic head component of thehumeral prosthesis articulates.

However, in some cases the patient's natural shoulder, including itssoft tissue, has degenerated to a severe degree of joint instability andpain. In many such cases, it may be necessary to change the mechanics ofthe shoulder. Reverse shoulder implants are used to do so. As its namesuggests, a reverse shoulder implant reverses the anatomy, or structure,of the healthy shoulder. In particular, a reverse shoulder implant isdesigned such that the prosthetic head (i.e., the “ball” in theball-and-socket joint) known as a glenosphere component is secured tothe patient's scapula, with the corresponding concave bearing (i.e., the“socket” in the ball-and-socket joint) known as a humeral cup beingsecured to the patient's humerus. Such a reverse configuration allowsthe patient's deltoid muscle, which is one of the larger and strongershoulder muscles, to raise the arm.

SUMMARY

According to one aspect, a reverse shoulder orthopaedic implant includesa glenosphere component having a curved lateral bearing surfaceconfigured to articulate with a humeral cup of a humeral prosthesis, anda medial surface having a tapered bore formed therein. The glenospherecomponent has an anterior/posterior width defined by the distancebetween an anterior-most point of the lateral bearing surface and aposterior-most point of the lateral bearing surface, and asuperior/inferior width defined by the distance between a superior-mostpoint of the lateral bearing surface and an inferior-most point of thelateral bearing surface. The anterior/posterior width of the glenosphere component is greater than its superior/inferior width.

The lateral bearing surface of the glenosphere component may behemi-ellipsoidal in shape. The glenosphere component may be metallic.

An imaginary line segment extends from a superior-most point of themedial surface to an inferior-most point of the medial surface. Thecenter of the tapered bore may be positioned between the midpoint of theimaginary line segment and the superior-most point of the medialsurface. Alternatively, the center of the tapered bore may be positionedat the midpoint of the imaginary line segment.

The reverse shoulder orthopaedic implant may also include a metaglenecomponent having an annular-shaped platform with an elongated stemextending outwardly from a medial surface thereof. A tapered outersurface of the annular-shaped platform may be taper locked in thetapered bore of the glenosphere component.

According to another aspect, a reverse shoulder orthopaedic implantincludes a glenosphere component having a curved lateral bearing surfaceconfigured to articulate with a humeral cup of a humeral prosthesis, anda medial surface having a bore formed therein to receive a metaglenecomponent. The glenosphere component has an anterior/posterior widthdefined by the distance between an anterior-most point of theglenosphere component and a posterior-most point of the glenospherecomponent, and a superior/inferior width defined by the distance betweena superior-most point of the glenosphere component and an inferior-mostpoint of the glenosphere component. The anterior/posterior width of theglenosphere component is greater than the superior/inferior width of theglenosphere component.

The lateral bearing surface of the glenosphere component may behemi-ellipsoidal in shape. The glenosphere component may be metallic.

An imaginary line segment extends from a superior-most point of themedial surface to an inferior-most point of the medial surface. Thecenter of the bore may be positioned between the midpoint of theimaginary line segment and the superior-most point of the medialsurface. Alternatively, the center of the bore may be positioned at themidpoint of the imaginary line segment.

The reverse shoulder orthopaedic implant may also include a metaglenecomponent having an annular-shaped platform with an elongated stemextending downwardly from a lower surface thereof. The bore formed inthe glenosphere component may include a tapered bore, with a taperedouter surface of the annular-shaped platform being taper locked in sucha tapered bore.

According to another aspect, a reverse shoulder orthopaedic implantincludes a glenosphere component having a lateral bearing surfaceconfigured to articulate with a humeral cup of a humeral prosthesis. Thelateral bearing surface is hemi-ellipsoidal in shape with itslongitudinal axis extending in the anterior/posterior direction. Thereverse shoulder orthopaedic implant also includes a metaglene componentsecured to the glenosphere component.

An anterior/posterior width of the glenosphere component may be definedby the distance between an anterior-most point of the lateral bearingsurface and a posterior-most point of the lateral bearing surface, withits superior/inferior width being defined by the distance between asuperior-most point of the lateral bearing surface and an inferior-mostpoint of the lateral bearing surface. The anterior/posterior width ofthe glenosphere component is greater than the superior/inferior width ofthe glenosphere component.

A tapered bore may be formed in the medial surface of the glenospherecomponent, with a tapered outer surface of the metaglene component beingtaper locked therein.

An imaginary line segment extends from a superior-most point of themedial surface to an inferior-most point of the medial surface. Thecenter of the tapered bore may be positioned between the midpoint of theimaginary line segment and the superior-most point of the medialsurface. Alternatively, the center of the tapered bore may be positionedat the midpoint of the imaginary line segment.

Both the glenosphere component and the metaglene component may bemetallic.

The platform of the metaglene component may include a number of screwholes extending therethrough.

According to another aspect, a reverse shoulder orthopaedic implantincludes a metaglene component having a platform with a number of screwholes extending therethrough, and an elongated stem extending downwardlyfrom a medial surface thereof. The elongated stem is configured to beimplanted into the scapula of a patient. The elongated stem has a boreformed therein. The reverse shoulder orthopaedic implant also includes ascrew cap having a shaft positioned in the bore of the metaglenecomponent, and a locking flange extending outwardly from the shaft so asto at least partially cover each of the number of screw holes of themetaglene component.

Each of the number of screw holes defines a circumference. An outer edgeof the locking flange of the screw cap overlaps at least a portion ofthe circumference of each of the number of screw holes of the metaglenecomponent.

The bore formed in the elongated stem of the metaglene component may beembodied as a threaded bore and the shaft of the screw cap may beembodied as a threaded shaft that is threaded into the threaded bore ofthe metaglene component.

The locking flange may be annular shaped, with the shaft extendingoutwardly from a lower surface of the locking flange. A drive socket maybe formed in the upper surface of the locking flange.

The reverse shoulder orthopaedic implant may also include a glenospherecomponent having a bore formed therein, with the screw cap beingcaptured in the bore of the glenosphere component.

The reverse shoulder orthopaedic implant may also include a retainingring secured within the bore of the glenosphere component so as toretain the screw cap therein.

The reverse shoulder orthopaedic implant may further include a number ofcompression screws positioned in the number of screw holes of themetaglene component. Each of such compression screws has a screw headhaving a round outer edge, with an outer edge of the locking flange ofthe screw cap overlapping at least a portion of the round outer edge ofeach of the number of screw holes of the metaglene component.

According to another aspect, a reverse shoulder orthopaedic implantincludes a metaglene component having a platform with a number of screwholes extending therethrough, and an elongated stem extending downwardlyfrom a medial surface thereof. The elongated stem has a bore formedtherein. The reverse shoulder orthopaedic implant also includes aglenosphere component having a bore formed therein and a screw capcaptured in the bore of the glenosphere component. The screw cap isrotatable relative to the glenosphere component. The screw cap has ashaft positioned in the bore of the metaglene component, and a lockingflange extending outwardly from the shaft so as to at least partiallycover each of the number of screw holes of the metaglene component.

The locking flange of the screw cap may include an annular-shapedbeveled surface.

The screw cap may also include a cylindrically-shaped surface extendingupwardly from the annular-shaped beveled surface, and a retaining flangeextending outwardly from the cylindrically-shaped surface. A retainingring may be positioned around the cylindrically-shaped surface of thescrew cap and secured to the sidewalls of the glenosphere defining thebore. The diameter of the retaining flange of the screw cap is largerthan the inner diameter of the retaining ring and smaller than the outerdiameter of the retaining ring.

A drive socket is formed in an upper surface of the retaining flange ofthe screw cap.

The retaining ring may be press fit within the bore of the glenospherecomponent so as to retain the screw cap therein.

Each of the number of screw holes defines a circumference. An outer edgeof the locking flange of the screw cap overlaps at least a portion ofthe circumference of each of the number of screw holes of the metaglenecomponent.

The bore formed in the elongated stem of the metaglene component may beembodied as a threaded bore and the shaft of the screw cap may beembodied as a threaded shaft that is threaded into the threaded bore ofthe metaglene component.

The reverse shoulder orthopaedic implant may also include a number ofcompression screws positioned in the number of screw holes of themetaglene component. The locking flange of the screw cap may include anannular-shaped beveled surface, with each of the number of compressionscrews has a screw head having a round outer edge. The beveled surfaceof the locking flange of the screw cap contacts the round outer edge ofeach of the number of screw holes of the metaglene component.

According to another aspect, a reverse shoulder orthopaedic implantincludes a metaglene component configured to be implanted into thescapula of a patient. The metaglene component has a platform with anumber of screw holes extending therethrough. A number of compressionscrews are positioned in the number of screw holes of the metaglenecomponent. Each of the number of compression screws has a screw headwith a round outer edge. A screw cap is secured to the metaglenecomponent. The screw cap has a locking flange that includes an outeredge that overlaps at least a portion of the round outer edge of each ofthe number of screw holes of the metaglene component.

Each of the number of screw holes defines a circumference, with theouter edge of the locking flange of the screw cap overlapping at least aportion of the circumference of each of the number of screw holes of themetaglene component.

The platform of the metaglene component may include an elongated stemwith a threaded bore formed therein, with the screw cap having athreaded shaft extending downwardly for a lower surface of the lockingflange. The threaded shaft of the screw cap may be threaded into thethreaded bore of the metaglene component.

A drive socket may be formed in an upper surface of the screw cap.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The detailed description particularly refers to the following figures,in which:

FIG. 1 is an anterior elevational view showing a reverse shoulderorthopaedic implant that has been implanted into the shoulder of apatient;

FIG. 2 is a lateral elevational view showing the elliptical glenospherecomponent of the reverse shoulder orthopaedic implant of FIG. 1implanted on the scapula of a patient;

FIG. 3 is an elevational view of the lateral bearing surface of theelliptical glenosphere component of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a cross sectional view of the elliptical glenosphere componenttaken along the line 4-4 of FIG. 3, as viewed in the direction of thearrows;

FIG. 5 is a medial elevational view of the elliptical glenospherecomponent of FIG. 3 showing the tapered bore positioned in a centeredposition;

FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 5, but showing the tapered borepositioned in an offset position;

FIG. 7 is a cross sectional view showing the elliptical glenospherecomponent of FIG. 3 implanted on the scapula of a patient;

FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view showing a screw cap used to lockthe compression screws within a metaglene component;

FIG. 9 is a cross sectional view showing the compression screws andscrew cap installed on the metaglene component;

FIG. 10 is a plan view showing the compression screws and screw capinstalled on the metaglene component;

FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view showing a screw cap that iscaptured in a glenosphere component and used to lock the compressionscrews within a metaglene component;

FIG. 12 is an assembled cross sectional view showing the screw capcaptured in the glenosphere component by the retaining ring; and

FIG. 13 is a view similar to FIG. 12, but showing the glenospherecomponent secured to the metaglene component.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

While the concepts of the present disclosure are susceptible to variousmodifications and alternative forms, specific exemplary embodimentsthereof have been shown by way of example in the drawings and willherein be described in detail. It should be understood, however, thatthere is no intent to limit the concepts of the present disclosure tothe particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is tocover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling withinthe spirit and scope of the invention.

Terms representing anatomical references, such as anterior, posterior,medial, lateral, superior, inferior, etcetera, may be used throughoutthis disclosure in reference to both the orthopaedic implants describedherein and a patient's natural anatomy. Such terms have well-understoodmeanings in both the study of anatomy and the field of orthopaedics. Useof such anatomical reference terms in the specification and claims isintended to be consistent with their well-understood meanings unlessnoted otherwise.

Referring now to FIGS. 1-6, there is shown a reverse shoulderorthopaedic implant 10 for replacing the natural shoulder joint of apatient. The reverse shoulder orthopaedic implant 10 includes anelliptical glenosphere component 12 that is secured to the glenoidsurface 20 of the patient's scapula 22 by a metaglene component 14implanted in the bone tissue of the scapula 22. The ellipticalglenosphere component 12 articulates on the bearing surface 24 of ahumeral cup 26 of a humeral prosthesis. As can be seen in FIG. 1, thehumeral cup 26 is secured to a humeral stem component 28 that isimplanted in the intramedullary canal of a patient's humerus (notshown).

The elliptical glenosphere component 12 includes a body 32 having acurved lateral surface 34. The curved lateral surface 34 of the body 32provides a smooth bearing surface upon which the bearing surface 24 ofthe humeral cup 26 articulates. As can be seen in FIG. 2-4, the lateralbearing surface 34 is hemi-ellipsoidal in shape. That is, the lateralbearing surface 34 defines the general shape of ellipsoid sliced in halfalong its longitudinal plane.

The elliptical glenosphere component 12 also includes a substantiallyflat medial surface 36 opposite its lateral bearing surface 34. Themedial surface 36 has a tapered bore 38 formed therein. The taperedsidewalls 40 defining the bore 38 extend laterally away from the medialsurface 36 to a bottom wall 42. As will be discussed below in moredetail, an annular-shaped tapered surface of the metaglene component 14may be inserted into the tapered bore to engage the sidewalls 40 therebytaper locking the elliptical glenosphere component 12 to the metaglenecomponent 14.

As can be seen in FIG. 4, one end of an installation hole 44 opens intothe bottom wall 42 of the tapered bore 38, with the other end of theinstallation hole 44 opening into the lateral bearing surface 34. Aswill be discussed below in greater detail, a surgical instrument, suchas a hex head driver, may be passed through the installation hole 44during a surgical procedure to implant the elliptical glenospherecomponent 12.

As alluded to above, unlike conventional hemispherically-shapedcomponents, the glenosphere component 12 described herein ishemi-ellipsoidal in shape. As can be seen in FIGS. 2 and 3, theglenosphere component 12 is wider in the anterior/posterior directionthan it is in the superior/inferior direction. Specifically, as can bestbe seen in FIG. 2, the longitudinal axis 46 of the glenosphere component12 extends in the anterior/posterior direction, with its shorter lateralaxis 48 extending in the superior/inferior direction. This isdemonstrated geometrically in the elevational view of the glenospherecomponent's lateral bearing surface 34 shown in FIG. 3 where both theanterior/posterior and the widths of the glenosphere component 12 areshown as a pair of imaginary line segments extending through theglenosphere component 12 in their respective directions. In particular,an imaginary line segment 52 extends between an anterior-most point 54of the glenosphere component 12 (i.e., the anterior-most point on theglenosphere component's lateral bearing surface 34) and a posterior-mostpoint 56 (i.e., the posterior-most point on the glenosphere component'slateral bearing surface 34) of the glenosphere component 12. The lengthof the imaginary line segment 52 defines the anterior/posterior width ofthe glenosphere component 12. As can be seen in FIG. 3, in theillustrative embodiment described herein, the line segment 52 extendsorthogonally between an imaginary tangent line 58 passing through theanterior-most point 54 of the glenosphere component 12 and an imaginarytangent line 60 passing through the posterior-most point 56 of theglenosphere component 12. Similarly, an imaginary line segment 62extends between a superior-most point 64 of the glenosphere component 12(i.e., the superior-most point on the glenosphere component's lateralbearing surface 34) and an inferior-most point 66 of the glenospherecomponent 12 (i.e., the inferior-most point on the glenospherecomponent's lateral bearing surface 34). As can be seen in FIG. 3, inthe illustrative embodiment described herein, the line segment 62extends orthogonally between an imaginary tangent line 68 passingthrough the superior-most point 64 of the glenosphere component 12 andan imaginary tangent line 70 passing through the inferior-most point 66of the glenosphere component 12. The length of the imaginary linesegment 62 defines the superior/inferior width of the glenospherecomponent 12. Because the glenosphere component 12 is wider in theanterior/posterior direction than it is in the superior/inferiordirection, the imaginary line segment 52 is longer than the imaginaryline segment 62.

It should be appreciated that such an arrangement in which theglenosphere component 12 is wider in the anterior/posterior directionthan it is in the superior/inferior direction may reduce the occurrencesof notching in some patients. In particular, depending on the anatomy ofa specific patient, a glenosphere component that is wider in theanterior/posterior direction than it is in the superior/inferiordirection may reduce the occasions in which the medial side of theglenosphere component contacts the scapula relative to ahemispherically-shaped glenosphere component.

As can be seen in the elevational views of the glenosphere component'smedial surface 36 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the glenosphere component'stapered bore 38 may be centered in the superior/inferior direction (seeFIG. 6) or offset superiorly in the superior/inferior direction (seeFIG. 7). In particular, the central axis 72 of the tapered bore 38 maybe positioned at the center of the superior/inferior width of theelliptical glenosphere component 12, or it may be positioned superiorlyof the center of the superior/inferior width of the ellipticalglenosphere component 12. The is demonstrated in the elevational viewsof the glenosphere component's medial surface 36 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6where the position of the central axis 72 of the tapered bore 38 isshown relative to a midpoint 74 that bisects the imaginary line segment62 defining the superior/inferior width of the glenosphere component 12.As can be seen in FIG. 5, in the case of a centered glenospherecomponent 10, the central axis 72 of the tapered bore 38 is positionedon the midpoint 74 of the imaginary line segment 62 defining thesuperior/inferior width of the glenosphere component 12. However, as canbe seen in FIG. 6, in the case of an offset glenosphere component 10,the central axis 72 of the tapered bore 38 is still positioned on theimaginary line segment 62 defining the superior/inferior width of theglenosphere component 12, but is spaced apart from its midpoint 74 inthe superior direction. In other words, in the case of an offsetglenosphere component 10, the central axis 72 of the tapered bore 38 ispositioned on the imaginary line segment 62 at a location between itsmidpoint 74 and the superior-most point 64.

Such offset of the tapered bore 38 in the superior direction offsets theglenosphere component 12 in the inferior direction when it is secured tothe metaglene component 14 implanted in the patient's glenoid surface.Such an implanted offset glenosphere component 12 is shown in FIG. 2. Itshould be appreciated that such an inferior offset of the glenospherecomponent 12 may reduce the occurrences of notching in some patients. Inparticular, depending on the anatomy of a specific patient, aglenosphere component offset inferiorly may reduce the occasions inwhich the medial side of the glenosphere component contacts the scapularelative to a centered glenosphere component.

It should be appreciated that the tapered bore 38 of the ellipticalglenosphere component 12 may also be offset in other directions. Forexample, the tapered bore 38 of the elliptical glenosphere component 12may be offset anteriorly or posteriorly relative to the center of theglenosphere component's medial surface 36 (i.e., it may be offsetanteriorly or superiorly relative to the midpoint 74 that bisects theimaginary line segment 62). Moreover, the tapered bore 38 of theelliptical glenosphere component 12 may be offset inferiorly relative tothe center of the glenosphere component's medial surface 36. Yet,further, the tapered bore 38 of the elliptical glenosphere component 12may be offset in a combination of directions relative to the center ofthe glenosphere component's medial surface 36. For example, the taperedbore 38 of the elliptical glenosphere component 12 may be offset bothsuperiorly and anteriorly (or superiorly and posteriorly) relative tothe center of the glenosphere component's medial surface 36.

The glenosphere component 12 may be constructed with an implant-gradebiocompatible metal, although other materials may also be used. Examplesof such metals include cobalt, including cobalt alloys such as a cobaltchrome alloy, titanium, including titanium alloys such as a Ti6Al4Valloy, and stainless steel. The lateral bearing surface 34 of such ametallic glenosphere component 12 may be polished or otherwise treatedto enhance its smooth bearing surface.

The glenosphere component 12 may be provided in various differentconfigurations to provide the flexibility necessary to conform tovarying anatomies from patient to patient. For example, the glenospherecomponent 12 may be provided in various superior/inferior diameters tomatch the needs of a given patient. For example, in one illustrativeembodiment, the glenosphere component 12 may be provided in twodifferent superior/inferior diameters—38 mm and 42 mm.

As shown in FIG. 7, the glenosphere component 12 is installed on themetaglene component 14 implanted in the bone tissue of the glenoidsurface 20 of the patient's scapula 22. To do so, the surgeon firstaligns the glenosphere component 12 relative to the implanted metaglenecomponent 14 such that its tapered bore 38 is aligned with the anannular-shaped tapered outer surface 108 of the metaglene component 14.The surgeon then advances the glenosphere component 12 such that thetapered outer surface 108 of the metaglene component 14 is inserted intothe tapered bore 38 of the glenosphere component 12. The surgeon thenstrikes the glenosphere component 12 (or a head impaction toolpositioned thereon) with a surgical mallet, sledge, or other impactiontool to drive the glenosphere component 12 medially so as to urge thesidewalls 40 defining the glenosphere component's tapered bore 38 intocontact with the tapered outer surface 108 of the metaglene component 14thereby taper locking the glenosphere component 12 to the implantedmetaglene component 14. Such final assembly of the glenosphere component12 to the implanted metaglene component 14 is shown in FIGS. 2 and 7.

Referring now to FIGS. 8-10, there is shown the metaglene component 14in more detail. The metaglene component 14 includes a platform 102having a stem 104 extending outwardly from its medial surface 106. Themetaglene component's stem 104 is configured to be implanted into thesurgically-prepared bone tissue of the glenoid surface 20 of thepatient's scapula 22. As described above, the glenosphere component 12is securable to metaglene component 14. In particular, the outer annularsurface 108 of the metaglene component's platform is tapered. Asdescribed in detail above, the glenosphere component 12 may be installedon the metaglene component 14 such that the tapered outer surface 108 ofthe metaglene component 14 is inserted into the tapered bore 38 of theglenosphere component 12. So positioned, the glenosphere component 12may be driven or otherwise urged toward the metaglene component 14 suchthat the sidewalls 40 defining the glenosphere component's tapered bore38 are urged into contact with the tapered outer surface 108 of themetaglene component 14 thereby taper locking the glenosphere component12 to the metaglene component 14.

As best seen in FIGS. 8 and 9, the metaglene component's stem 104 has athreaded bore 110 formed therein. The threaded bore 110 extends throughthe entire length of the stem 104, although it could be embodied as ablind bore. A number of threads 112 are formed in the sidewall thatdefines the threaded bore 110. The threads 112 are sized to match, andhence threadingly receive, the threads of a screw cap 140 and aretraction tool (not shown).

As can be seen in FIGS. 8-10, the metaglene component's platform 102 hasa number of screw holes 114 extending therethrough. One end of each ofthe screw holes 114 opens into the medial surface 106 of the platform102, with its other end opening into the platform's opposite lateralsurface 116. As can be seen best in FIG. 9, each of the screw holes 114is counterbored to accommodate the screw heads of the compression screwsused to secure the metaglene component 12 to the bone tissue of thepatient's scapula 22. As such, the upper end of the screw holes 114 hasa larger diameter than does the lower end of the screw holes 114. Eachof the screw holes 114 is located in one of the four quadrants of themetaglene component's platform 102. As such, each of the screw holes 114is positioned about 90° from one another.

In the illustrative embodiment described herein, each of the screw holes114 is spaced radially outwardly from the center of the metaglenecomponent's platform 102 at a position between the threaded bore 110 andthe outer annular edge 118 where the platform's lateral surface 116meets its tapered outer surface 108. As can be seen in FIGS. 8 and 9,the lateral surface 116 of the metaglene component's platform 102 has acountersunk surface 120 formed therein. As can be seen in FIG. 8, eachof the screw holes 114 opens partially into the countersunk surface 120of the metaglene component's platform 102. In particular, as can be seenfrom the elevational view of the metaglene component's lateral surface116 shown in FIG. 10, the external boundary or perimeter of each of thescrew holes 114 defines a circumference 122. An inner section 124 of thecircumference 122 of each of the screw holes 114 (i.e., a sectionpositioned near the center of the metaglene component's platform 102) ispositioned within the countersunk surface 120.

The metaglene component 14 may be constructed with an implant-gradebiocompatible metal, although other materials may also be used. Examplesof such metals include cobalt, including cobalt alloys such as a cobaltchrome alloy, titanium, including titanium alloys such as a Ti6Al4Valloy, and stainless steel. Such a metallic metaglene component 14 mayalso be coated with a surface treatment, such as hyaluronic acid (HA),to enhance biocompatibility. Moreover, the surfaces of the metaglenecomponent 14 that engage the natural bone, such as the medial surface106 of platform 102 and the outer surfaces of the stem 104 may betextured to facilitate securing the component to the bone. Such surfacesmay also be porous coated to promote bone ingrowth for permanentfixation.

Unlike the glenosphere component 12 that may be provided in varioussizes to provide the flexibility necessary to conform to varyinganatomies from patient to patient, in the illustrative embodimentdescribed herein, the metaglene component 14 may be provided in asingle, “universal” size that accommodates glenosphere components ofvarious sizes. For example, in one illustrative embodiment, a metaglenecomponent 14 may be provided in a single size to accommodate both a 38mm glenosphere component 12 and a 42 mm glenosphere component 12.

As can be seen in FIGS. 8-10, a compression screw 130 may be positionedin some or all of the screw holes 114 to secure the metaglene component12 to the bone tissue of the patient's scapula 22. Each of thecompression screws 130 includes a threaded shank 132 having a roundscrew head 134 on an end thereof. The diameter of the threaded shank 132is smaller than the diameter of the lower end of the counterbored screwholes 114 of the metaglene component 12 so that the threaded shank 132may pass through the entire length of the screw holes 114. The screwhead 134, on the other hand, has a diameter smaller than the upper endof the counterbored screw holes 114, but larger than the lower end ofthe counterbored screw holes 114. As such, the screw heads 134 of thecompression screws 130 are contained in the upper end of thecounterbored screw holes 114 when installed in the metaglene component12.

Like the metaglene component 14, the compression screws 130 may beconstructed with an implant-grade biocompatible metal, although othermaterials may also be used. Examples of such metals include cobalt,including cobalt alloys such as a cobalt chrome alloy, titanium,including titanium alloys such as a Ti6Al4V alloy, and stainless steel.

As can be seen in FIGS. 8-10, a screw cap 140 is secured to themetaglene component 14. The screw cap 140 includes a locking flange 142having a threaded shaft 144 extending away from its lower surface 146.The screw cap's threaded shaft 144 may be threaded into the threadedbore 110 of the metaglene component's stem 104 to secure the screw cap140 to the metaglene component. A drive socket 148, such as a hex drivesocket, is formed in an upper surface 150 of the screw cap's lockingflange 142. A drive tool, such as a hex driver (not shown), may beinserted into the drive socket 148 to drive (i.e., rotate) the screw cap140 relative to the metaglene component 14. Rotation in one direction(e.g., clockwise) may be used to tighten, and hence secure, the screwcap 140 to the metaglene component 14, with rotation in the oppositedirection (e.g., counterclockwise) being used to loosen, and hence,remove the screw cap 140 from the metaglene component 14.

As can be seen in FIG. 9, the lower surface 146 of the screw cap'slocking flange 142 defines a generally conical annular-shaped beveledsurface 152. The annular-shaped beveled surface 152 is sized and shapedto be received into and closely compliment the countersunk surface 120of the metaglene component's platform 102. In such a way, the lockingflange 142 partially covers the metaglene component's screw holes 114and hence the heads 134 of the compression screws 130 positionedtherein. What is meant herein by “cover” in regard to the position ofthe locking flange 142 relative to the screw holes 114 of the metaglenecomponent 14 and/or the heads 134 of the compression screws 130 is thatthe outer annular edge 154 overlays or overlaps at least a section ofthe circumference 122 of the screw holes 114 and/or the round outer edge136 of the compression screws 130. This is best demonstrated in thelateral elevational or plan view of FIG. 10. Specifically, when viewedlaterally such as the case of FIG. 10, the outer annular edge 154 of thescrew cap's locking flange 142 intersects, and hence overlaps, thecircumference 122 of each of the screw holes 114 and the round outeredge 136 of each of the compression screws 130. In such a way, thelocking flange 142 prevents the compression screws 130 from backing outand escaping the screw holes 114.

As can be seen in FIG. 9, when the screw cap 140 is installed to themetaglene component 14, the annular-shaped beveled surface 152 of thescrew cap's locking flange 142 contacts or otherwise engages the roundouter edge 136 of each screw head 134 of any of the compression screws130 installed in the metaglene component 14. Such contact generates aclamping force to resist the compression screws 130 from backing outfrom the bone tissue of the patient's scapula 22.

Like the metaglene component 14 and the compression screws 130, thescrew cap 140 may be constructed with an implant-grade biocompatiblemetal, although other materials may also be used. Examples of suchmetals include cobalt, including cobalt alloys such as a cobalt chromealloy, titanium, including titanium alloys such as a Ti6Al4V alloy, andstainless steel.

As shown in FIG. 7, the metaglene component 14 may first be implantedinto the surgically-prepared glenoid surface 20 of the patient's scapula22 by positioning it at the desired location and orientation, andthereafter fixing it in place by inserting one or more compressionscrew(s) 130 through the screw holes 114 and driving them into the bonetissue. Once the compression screws 114 have been seated, the surgeonmay then install the screw cap 140 by inserting its threaded shaft 144into the threaded bore 110 of the metaglene component's stem 104 andthereafter rotating the screw cap 140 with a hex driver (not shown)inserted into the drive socket 148 formed in the upper surface 150 ofthe screw cap's locking flange 142. Tightening of the screw cap 140 insuch a manner urges the annular-shaped beveled surface 152 of the screwcap's locking flange 142 into contact with the round outer edge 136 ofeach screw head 134 of the compression screws 130 installed in themetaglene component 14 thereby asserting a clamping force on the screwheads 134 to resist the compression screws 130 from backing out the bonetissue of the patient's scapula 22. Once the screw cap 140 has beeninstalled, the surgeon may then taper lock the gleno sphere component 12to the implanted metaglene component 14 in the manner described above.

If the metaglene component 14 subsequently needs to be removed during,for example, a revision procedure, the surgeon may first remove theglenosphere component 12 from the implanted metaglene component 14 bybreaking the taper lock connection between the two components andlifting the glenosphere component 12 away. Thereafter, the surgeon mayinsert a hex driver (not shown) into the drive socket 148 formed in theupper surface 150 of the screw cap's locking flange 142 and rotating thescrew cap 140 in a direction opposite to the direction used to installthe screw cap 140. Loosening of the screw cap in such a manner moves theannular-shaped beveled surface 152 of the screw cap's locking flange 142out of contact with the round outer edge 136 of each screw head 134 ofthe compression screws 130 installed in the metaglene component 14thereby releasing the clamping force from the screw heads 134. Continuedloosening of the screw cap 140 allows its threaded shaft 144 to escapethe threaded bore 110 of the metaglene component's stem 104 therebyallowing the screw cap 140 to be lifted away. Thereafter, the surgeonmay use a drive tool (not shown) to remove the compression screws 130.An extraction tool (not shown) may be threaded into the threaded bore110 of the metaglene component's stem 104 and thereafter used to extractthe metaglene component 14 from the bone tissue of the patient's scapula22.

Referring now to FIGS. 11-13, there is shown an embodiment in which thescrew cap 140 is captured in the glenosphere component 14. In such anembodiment, slight modification has been made to the glenospherecomponent 14 and the screw cap 140 as shown in FIGS. 11-13. The samereference numerals are used in FIGS. 11-13 to designate componentssimilar to those discussed above in regard to FIGS. 1-10. As can be seenin FIG. 11, the screw cap 140 is captured and retained in the taperedbore 38 of the glenosphere component 12 by a retaining ring 160. To doso, the screw cap 140 of the design of FIGS. 11-13 includes acylindrically-shaped surface 162 that mates at one end with theannular-shaped beveled surface 152 of the screw cap's locking flange 142and at its opposite end with an annular retaining flange 164. Theretaining ring 160 is captured on the cylindrically-shaped surface 162of the screw cap 140. That is, the cylindrically-shaped surface 162 ofthe screw cap 140 is positioned in the retaining ring's opening 166. Ascan be seen in FIGS. 11 and 12, the inner diameter of the retaining ring160 (i.e., the diameter of its opening 166) is greater than the diameterof the cylindrically-shaped surface 162 of the screw cap 140, but lessthan the diameter of the screw cap's retaining flange 164. The outerdiameter of the retaining ring 160 (i.e., the diameter of its outersurface 168) is greater than the diameter of the screw cap's retainingflange 16 and is sized and configured to be press fit, welded (or pressfit and welded), or taper locked to the tapered sidewalls 40 definingthe glenosphere component's tapered bore 38. As such, when assembled,the retaining ring 160 captures the screw cap 140 in the glenospherecomponent's tapered bore 38. So captured, both free rotation and limitedlinear movement of the screw cap 140 relative to the glenospherecomponent 12 are allowed, but it is prevented from escaping theglenosphere component's tapered bore 38.

The design of FIGS. 11-13 may be installed in a similar manner to asdescribed above in regard to the design of FIGS. 8-10. In particular,the metaglene component 14 may first be implanted into thesurgically-prepared glenoid surface 20 of the patient's scapula 22 bypositioning it at the desired location and orientation, and thereafterfixing it in place by inserting one or more compression screw(s) 130through the screw holes 114 and driving them into the bone tissue. Oncethe compression screws 114 have been seated, the surgeon may theninstall the glenosphere component 12, and hence the screw cap 140captured therein, by inserting the screw cap's threaded shaft 144 intothe threaded bore 110 of the metaglene component's stem 104. Thereafter,the drive tip of a hex driver (not shown) may be advanced through theglenosphere component's installation hole 44 and into the screw cap'sdrive socket 148. The surgeon then rotates the screw cap 140 with thehex driver. Such tightening of the screw cap 140 urges theannular-shaped beveled surface 152 of the screw cap's locking flange 142into contact with the round outer edge 136 of each screw head 134 of thecompression screws 130 installed in the metaglene component 14 therebyasserting a clamping force on the screw heads 134 to resist thecompression screws 130 from backing out of the bone tissue of thepatient's scapula 22. Once the screw cap 140 has been installed, thesurgeon may then taper lock the glenosphere component 12 to theimplanted metaglene component 14 in the manner described above.

If the metaglene component 14 subsequently needs to be removed during,for example, a revision procedure, the surgeon may first remove theglenosphere component 12, and hence the captured screw cap 140, from theimplanted metaglene component 14 by inserting the drive tip of a hexdriver through the glenosphere component's installation hole 44 and intothe screw cap's drive socket 148. The surgeon then rotates the screw cap140 with the hex driver in a direction opposite to the direction used toinstall the screw cap 140. Loosening of the screw cap in such a mannermoves the annular-shaped beveled surface 152 of the screw cap's lockingflange 142 out of contact with the round outer edge 136 of each screwhead 134 of the compression screws 130 installed in the metaglenecomponent 14 thereby releasing the clamping force from the screw heads134. The surgeon may then break the taper lock connection between theglenosphere component 12 and the metaglene component 14 and continueloosening the screw cap 140 until its threaded shaft 144 escapes thethreaded bore 110 of the metaglene component's stem 104 thereby allowingthe glenosphere component 12, and hence the screw cap 140 capturedtherein, to be lifted away from the metaglene component 14. Thereafter,the surgeon may use a drive tool (not shown) to remove the compressionscrews 130. An extraction tool (not shown) may be threaded into thethreaded bore 110 of the metaglene component's stem 104 and thereafterused to extract the metaglene component 14 from the bone tissue of thepatient's scapula 22.

It should be appreciated that the screw caps 140 described above inregard to FIGS. 8-13 provide efficiency during a surgical procedure toimplant the metaglene component 14. For example, the screw caps 140allow for implantation of the metaglene component 14 without the use ofself-locking surgical screws. Surgical installation of self-lockingsurgical screws requires the use of a guide wire and other surgicalconsiderations. By providing a locking function, the screw cap 140allows compression screws, which are much easier to surgically install,to be used in lieu of self-locking surgical screws.

It should be appreciated that the concepts and features disclosed hereinmay be used in various combinations with one another or independently ofone another. For example, the elliptical glenosphere component 12 ofFIGS. 1-6 may be used in combination with either the metaglene component14 of FIGS. 8-10 or the metaglene component 14 of FIGS. 11-13. Moreover,the elliptical glenosphere component 12 of FIGS. 1-6 may be used incombination with other metaglene components, including metaglenecomponents without the screw caps 140 described herein. Similarly, themetaglene component 14 of FIGS. 8-10 may be used in combination with theelliptical glenosphere component 12 of FIGS. 1-6, or, alternatively, maybe used with a conventional hemispherically-shaped or other type ofglenosphere component. Along the same line, the metaglene component 14of FIGS. 11-13 may be used in combination with the ellipticalglenosphere component 12 of FIGS. 1-6, or, alternatively, may be usedwith a conventional hemispherically-shaped or other type of glenospherecomponent.

While the disclosure has been illustrated and described in detail in thedrawings and foregoing description, such an illustration and descriptionis to be considered as exemplary and not restrictive in character, itbeing understood that only illustrative embodiments have been shown anddescribed and that all changes and modifications that come within thespirit of the disclosure are desired to be protected.

There are a plurality of advantages of the present disclosure arisingfrom the various features of the apparatus, system, and method describedherein. It will be noted that alternative embodiments of the apparatus,system, and method of the present disclosure may not include all of thefeatures described yet still benefit from at least some of theadvantages of such features. Those of ordinary skill in the art mayreadily devise their own implementations of the apparatus, system, andmethod that incorporate one or more of the features of the presentinvention and fall within the spirit and scope of the present disclosureas defined by the appended claims.

1. A method of surgically implanting a reverse shoulder orthopaedicimplant, the method comprising the steps of: implanting a metaglenecomponent in bone tissue of a glenoid surface of a scapula with a numberof bone screws, the metaglene component having an elongated stem with abore formed therein, installing a shaft of a screw cap into the bore ofthe metaglene component such that a locking flange of the screw cap isposition at least partially over a head of each of the number of bonescrews, and installing a glenosphere component having a bore formedtherein over the metaglene component so as to capture the screw cap atleast partially within the bore of the glenosphere component.
 2. Themethod of claim 1, further including the step of passing a tool throughan installation hole formed in the glenosphere component to engage thetool with a drive socket within the locking flange of the screw cap, theinstallation hole opening at first end into a lateral bearing surface ofthe glenosphere component and at a second end into the bore of theglenosphere component.
 3. The method of claim 2, further including thestep of rotating the tool to thread the shaft of the screw cap withinthe bore of the elongated stem of the metaglene component.
 4. The methodof claim 2, further including the step of rotating the tool to at leastpartially disengage the shaft of the screw cap from a threadedconnection with the bore of the elongated stem of the metaglenecomponent.
 5. The method of claim 1, further including the step ofbreaking a taper lock connection between the gleno sphere component andthe implanted metaglene component to remove the glenosphere componentfrom the implanted metaglene component.
 6. The method of claim 5,further including the steps of: engaging a tool with a drive socketwithin the locking flange of the screw cap, and rotating the tool todisengage the shaft of the screw cap from a threaded connection with thebore of the elongated stem of the metaglene component, subsequent to thestep of breaking a taper lock connection between the gleno spherecomponent and the implanted metaglene component.
 7. The method of claim6, further including the steps of: threading a second tool into the boreformed in the elongated stem of the metaglene component in place of theshaft of the screw cap, and operating the second tool to extract themetaglene component from the glenoid surface of the scapula.
 8. Themethod of claim 1, wherein the step of implanting the metaglenecomponent in the bone tissue of the glenoid surface of the scapula ispreformed prior to installing the glenosphere component over themetaglene component.
 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the step ofimplanting the metaglene component includes the step of positioning anumber of bone screws within the number of screw holes extending throughthe metaglene component.
 10. The method of claim 1, further includingthe step of threading the shaft of the screw cap within the bore of themetaglene component by engaging threads on an outer surface of the shaftof the screw cap with threads on an inner surface of the bore formed inthe elongated stem of the metaglene component.
 11. The method of claim1, wherein the installing step includes taper locking the glenospherecomponent to the metaglene component by engaging an outermost peripheryof a platform of the metaglene component with sidewalls defining thebore of the glenosphere component such that at least a portion of theplatform and the screw cap are disposed within the bore, wherein theelongated stem of the metaglene component extends outwardly from amedial surface of the platform of the metaglene component.
 12. Themethod of claim 1, further comprising the step of aligning aninstallation hole formed in the glenosphere component with a drivesocket within the locking flange of the screw cap, the installation holeopening at first end into a lateral bearing surface of the glenospherecomponent and at a second end into the center of the bore formed in thegleno sphere component, wherein (i) an anterior/posterior width isdefined by the distance between an anterior-most point of theglenosphere component and a posterior-most point of the glenospherecomponent, (ii) a superior/inferior width is defined by the distancebetween a superior-most point of the glenosphere component and aninferior-most point of the glenosphere component, (iii) theanterior/posterior width of the glenosphere component is greater thanthe superior/inferior width of the glenosphere component, (iv) animaginary line segment extends from the superior-most point of theglenosphere component to the inferior-most point of the glenospherecomponent, and (v) the center of the bore formed in the glenospherecomponent is positioned between the midpoint of the imaginary linesegment and the superior-most point of the glenosphere component. 13.The method of claim 12, further comprising the step of passing a toolthrough the installation hole formed in the glenosphere component toengage the tool with the drive socket within the locking flange of thescrew cap.